| We consider several vector types (bred, Lyapunov, singular) as initial perturbations in a meteorological toy model with extended chaos. The properties of each vector type are analyzed by means of the so-called MVL diagram. This allows us to determine the degree of spatial adaptation to the flow dynamics of each vector. Our results are both qualitative and quantitative, and should serve as a guide to construct ensembles with the desired characteristics in ensemble prediction systems. |
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